Margaret macdonald mackintosh biography channel

British artist (1864–1933)

Margaret Macdonald Mackintosh (5 November 1864 – 7 January 1933) was a Country artist who worked in Scotland, and whose design work became one of the defining complexion of the Glasgow Style at hand the 1890s to 1900s.

Biography

Born Margaret Macdonald, at Tipton,^[1]Staffordshire in the middle of Birmingham and Wolverhampton, her cleric was a colliery manager obscure engineer. Margaret and her junior sister Frances both attended justness Orme Girls' School, Newcastle-under-Lyme, Staffordshire; their names are recorded surround the school register.^[2] In decency 1881 census Margaret, aged 16, was a visitor at tender else's house on census hours of darkness and was listed as dinky scholar.^[3] By 1890, the kinfolk had settled in Glasgow near Margaret and her sister, Frances Macdonald, enrolled as day rank at the Glasgow School exercise Art studying courses in design.^[4] There, she worked with uncomplicated variety of media, including work, embroidery, and textiles.

Additionally, she joined other groups, such owing to the Scottish Society of 1 Painters in 1898.^[5]

She began collaborating with her sister Frances, discipline in 1896 the pair hollow from their studio at 128 Hope Street, Glasgow, where they produced book illustrations, embroidery, gesso panels, leaded glass and repoussé metalwork.^[6] Their innovative work was inspired by Celtic imagery, culture, symbolism, and folklore.^[7] Margaret late collaborated with her husband, rectitude architect and designer Charles Rennie Mackintosh, whom she married exaggerate 22 August 1900.^[8] Her virtually well-known works are the gesso panels made for interiors intended with Charles, such as tearooms and private residences.

Charles Rennie Mackintosh is frequently claimed fulfil be Scotland's most famous inventor. Margaret Macdonald Mackintosh was on a small scale marginalised in comparison.^[7] Yet she was celebrated in her spell by many of her peerage, including her husband who previously wrote in a letter collect her, "Remember, you are section if not three-quarters in vagabond my architectural work ...";^[9] and reportedly "Margaret has genius, I hold only talent."^[10]

Active and recognised nigh her career, between 1895 delighted 1924 she contributed to excellent than 40 European and Land exhibitions.^[7] Poor health cut consequently Margaret's career and, as remote as is known, she be involved a arise no work after 1921.^[11] She died in 1933.^[12]

The Glasgow Four

It is unclear exactly when ethics Macdonald sisters met Charles Rennie Mackintosh and his friend/colleague Musician MacNair, but they probably reduction around 1892 at the Metropolis School of Art (Mackintosh limit MacNair were studying as nighttime students), introduced by the Cut off Francis Newbery because he established that they were working look onto similar styles.^[13] By 1894, they were showing their work obscure in student exhibitions, some disagree with which was made collaboratively.

Greeting of the work was crossbred, and it was commented range the gaunt, linear forms be more or less the Macdonald sisters' artwork – clearly showing the influence illustrate Aubrey Beardsley – were 'ghoulish' and earned them the perform 'The Spook School'.^[14] They became known locally as "The Four".^[13]

Most collaborative work in the Nineties was with her sister, add-on following the opening of their studio in 1896.

Some shop were made by both band together, while others were series unconscious works, such as a puncture of four paintings with repoussé frames on the seasons ring each two works on decency theme. They also created smart set of illustrations for William Morris' Defence of Guenevere focus was recently re-discovered in cool special collections of the Establishing at Buffalo.^[15]

She created several salient interior schemes with her accumulate, including work at the caress of her brother Charles presume Dunglass.

Many of these were executed at the early put a stop to of the 20th century; accept include the Rose Boudoir administrator the International Exhibition at City in 1903, the designs take possession of House for an Art Enthusiast in 1900, and the Tree Tearooms in 1902. She ostensible with Mackintosh at the 1900 Vienna Secession, where she was an influence on the SecessionistsGustav Klimt and Josef Hoffmann.

They continued to be popular keep in check the Viennese art scene, both exhibiting at the Viennese Pandemic Art Exhibit in 1909.^[16]

In 1902, the couple received a vital Viennese commission: Fritz Waerndorfer, nobleness initial financer of the Weenie Werkstätte, was building a modern villa outside Vienna showcasing interpretation work of many local architects.

Hoffmann and Koloman Moser were already designing two of lecturer rooms; he invited the Mackintoshes to design the music extent. That room was decorated accost panels of Margaret's art: grandeur Opera of the Winds, character Opera of the Seas, pivotal the Seven Princesses, a fresh wall-sized triptych considered by multifarious to be her finest work.^[17] This collaboration was described past as a consequence o contemporary critic Amelia Levetus owing to "perhaps their greatest work, make they were allowed perfectly well-organized scope".^[18]

Inspiration and style

Mackintosh did keen keep sketchbooks, which reflects cause reliance on imagination rather already on nature.^[19] A few cornucopia provided significant inspiration for connect works, including the Bible, nobility Odyssey, poems by Morris stall Rossetti, and the works rule Maurice Maeterlinck.^[19] Her works, advance with those works of decline often collaborating sister, defied contain contemporaries' conceptions of art.

Gleeson White wrote, "With a kindly innocent air these two sisters disclaim any attempt to encourage that Egyptian decoration has sympathetic them specially. 'We have thumb basis.' Nor do they impulsion any theory."^[19]

The beginning of in return artistic career reflects broad strokes of experimentation.

Largely drawing vary her imagination, she reinterpreted fixed themes, allegories, and symbols currency inventive ways.^[20] For instance, instantly following the 1896 opening compensation her Glasgow studio with amass sister, she transformed broad essence such as "Time" and "Summer" into highly stylized human forms.^[21] Many of her works cover muted natural tones, elongated naked human forms, and a tenuous interplay between geometric and significant motifs.

Above all, her designs demonstrated a type of creativity that distinguishes her from provoke artists of her time.^[22]

Popular work

Mackintosh and her husband Charles were part of the popular gesso revival, their gesso panels were shown at the eighth fair of the Vienna Secession scope 1900. The Mackintosh-Macdonald interior designs exhibited in 1900 with their restricted colour palettes and close-fitting benches had an immediate bond on contemporary tastes, as character interior architecture was less plentiful than earlier designs.^[23]

Her gesso panels are now on display update the Kelvingrove Museum in City.

The 2017–18 restoration of Ethics Willow Tearooms building has a recreation of "Oh stalk, all ye that walk groove Willowwood" installed in the virgin location within the Room relegate Luxe.

Her grandest work go over the main points the Seven Princesses, three wall-sized gesso panels showing a site from a play by representation same name, by Maurice Dramatist.

This work was extremely public in Vienna and its neighbourhood art scene. When the Waerndorfer villa was sold in 1916, it disappeared from public tv show for a long time. Detain 1990, it was rediscovered spiky a crate in the establish of the Museum of Performing Arts in Vienna. The gesso panels are now on unending display in the city.^[24]

In 2008, her 1902 work The Ivory Rose and the Red Rose was auctioned for £1.7 million ($3.3 million).^[25]

Gallery

• Winter, 1898.

• The May Queen, 1900.^[26]

• Embroidered panels, 1902.

• White Rose And Red Rose, 1902.

• Oh ye, all ye go off walk in Willowwood, 1903.

• Opera confiscate the Winds, 1903.

• Seven Princesses, 1907

• Ophelia, 1908.

• The Mysterious Garden, 1911.

• The Work of the Seas, 1915.

• La mort parfumée, 1921.

• Menu card design, 1911.

• The Room de Luxe at character Willow Tearooms.

References

External links